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SM Journal Clinical and Medical Imaging

Radiographic, CT and MRI Features of the Cranium: A Review of The Patho- physiological Variations Associated with GBM and Astrocytoma

[ ISSN : 3068-000X ]

Abstract
Details

Received: 28-Nov-2024

Accepted: 18-Dec-2024

Published: 02-Dec-2024

Fatima Ali Afef and Hasina Umra Khan*

Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi 3798, United Arab Emirates

Corresponding Author:

Hasina Umra Khan, Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi 3798, United Arab Emirates.

Abstract

Brain Glioma is a common invasive brain tumor arising from glial cells, with various clinical presentations and risk factors like ionizing radiation and heterogeneity. Astrocytoma, named after astrocytes, is graded based on abnormality. Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant type, distinguished by histologic features and pathological diagnosis based on physical appearance, genetics, nuclear atypia, and cell mitotic activity. This paper explores variations in radiologic features and the correlation between GBM in CT and MRI modalities. The proposal of the GMB literature review was undertaken by searching the databases: Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, EBSCOHOST, Medline, Healthline Website, Medscape, PubMed, PsycINFO and CINAHL. 60 papers published till 2023 were reviewed. It was found that a GBM patient presents with various symptoms that vary with the tumor site. Moreover, GBM is characterized by rapid growth and invasion facilitated by cell migration and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Thus, despite technological advances in surgery and radio-chemotherapy, Glioblastoma remains largely incurable. Henceforth the great need for new approaches to study Glioblastoma and to design optimized therapies such as viral therapy [1]. However, to confirm the presence and the extent of tumor, various invasive and non-invasive imaging techniques require employment. Where an obvious variation between the normal brain anatomy and human brain damaged by the Glioblastoma is illustrated. Furthermore, understanding the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying its aggressive behavior may lead to better management, appropriate therapies, and good outcomes [2].

Citation

Ali Al Yafeai F, Umra Khan H (2024) Radiographic, CT and MRI Features of the Cranium: A Review of The Patho- physiological Variations Associated with GBM and Astrocytoma. SM J Clin Med Imaging 6: 13.