This study aimed at comparing the genetic variation levels of two Egyptian (Fayoumi and Dandrawi) and two Saudi chicken lines (Hajar1 and Hajar2), with commercial broiler and layer chicken breeds. RAPD-PCR analysis, using 15 random primers, was used. 10 primers only were subjected to data analysis due to their productivity. The total number of amplified bands was 3967 on 123 loci. The percentage of polymorphic loci was averaged 34.56% and was the highest in Fayoumi, Dandrawi and layer (37.4%) and the lowest in broilers (26%). The average number of detected alleles was 1.173. However, the effective number of alleles averaged 1.238. The average of within-breed genetic variability estimates ranged between 0.135 in broilers to 0.229 in Fayoumi chickens. The Analysis of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) indicated that the six breeds were significantly different from each other. The phylogenic analysis revealed that the two Saudi breeds were too close to each other, although they are not in the same cluster. Also, all local breeds were close to the meat-type than the egg-type commercial breed.

Liver fibrosis is the final common stage of the most chronic liver diseases; it is caused by several factors which lead to a major worldwide health care burden. Over the decades, the understanding of the liver fibrosis disease was growing rapidly, several studies reported that this progress could be regressed or reversed, which give us a bright prospect in developing anti-fibrotic therapies.

In this experiment, liver fibrosis was fully developed after CCl4 induction for 7 weeks in eight animals. Clinical pathologic parameters, four indicators of hepatic fibrosis in monkey showed similarly changes in human. All animals had liver fibrosis after 1.5 months of CCl4 induction, and liver fibrosis still existed after 9 months recovery periods, the fibrosis stages in most animals had no obvious regression without treatment. Biomathematical analysis of the liver fibrosis would aid to utilize the anti-fibrotic therapies and their derivatives for various biomedical applications.

The dystocia in animals is an important cause of economic loss in livestock. One of the reasons for the dystocia is fetal monosters. The present case describes the syndrome which called dichephalus monster. From the clinical point of view the foetus was a fully developed calf with two complete heads, four eyes, four ears, two oral cavities, a single thorax and abdomen, two fore and two hind limb. The incidence of dicephalus in Egyptian buffalo-cows reported as 0.552 % from all cases of dystocia from 2007-2016 which represented into clinical veterinary hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt. This case caused dystocia in Egyptian cow which solved by cesarean section.

Eight weeks feeding trials were conducted to determine the effect of substituting maize with biscuit waste meal on the hematology and serum biochemical indices of 90-day old Hubbard starter broiler birds. Three experimental starter and finisher diets were formulated with diet 1 as control containing 0% Biscuit Waste Meal (BWM), while diets 2 and 3 contained BWM at 50 and 100% inclusion levels for maize. The chicks were randomly assigned to the three treatment diets (1, 2 and 3) in a completely randomized design and each treatment group had three replicates with ten chickens per replicate. The result on the hematological indices revealed that MCV values were significantly influenced (p<0.05) by the treatment diets with highest value of (135.50±0.21fl) among birds fed 50% BWM. MCH also significantly varied (p<0.05) among birds fed the treatment diets with highest (42.77±0.31pg) recorded among birds maintained on the control diet. Serum biochemical indices revealed that phosphorus value were significantly higher (p<0.05) in birds fed the control diet with the mean value of 3.63±0.09mg/100ml. Total cholesterol was significantly higher (p<0.05) in birds fed 100% BWM. The overall results from this study suggested that the inclusion of biscuit waste meal in the diet of broilers up to 100% did not have any detrimental effect on the blood profile of the birds. But precaution had to be taken in the incorporation of BWM at this level because of the increase effect on the cholesterol level of the blood.

This study was conducted at Werer agricultural research center from May 2014 to April 2015 with the objectives of evaluating different feed supplementation options for two years old Afar bulls to attain export market weight and investigating duration required for the purpose. A total of twenty one bulls with an average initial weight of 151.2 kg were used for the experiment. Three different dietary feed rations were formulated as treatments; T1= 20% molasses, 35% wheat bran and 45% linseed cake; T2= 45% wheat bran, 20% maize grain and 35% noug cake, and T3= 65% wheat bran and 35% cotton seed cake. Bulls were blocked by weight, and randomly assigned to the three dietary treatments. In overall, a total of 254 days were required for the bulls to attain export market weight of 300 kg. Higher average daily feed intake was observed in bulls fed under T1, followed by T2 and T3, yielding 3815.1 gm per day, 3594.5 gm per day and 3581.2 gm per day, respectively. However, the difference was not significant statistically. Average Daily Weight Gain (ADG) and Total Weight Gain (TWG) were significantly higher in bulls fed under T1, with a value of 0.62gm and 158.3 kg, respectively, over the entire feeding period. The ADG of experimental animals during the 84th and 112th feeding period were 0.72 gm and 0.67 gm, respectively. No significant difference was observed on the carcass and non-carcass traits among the three treatment groups. In conclusion, the preliminary feeding trial indicated that supplementation of 20% molasses, 35% wheat bran and 45% linseed cake after grazing to two years of Afar bulls enabled them to attain market weight of above 300 kg in 254 days. However, cost-benefit analysis should be conducted before deciding to use Afar bulls of the indicated age for fattening based businesses in such feeding systems.