Dermatophytosis infections are caused by dermatophytes. Drug resistance and toxicity associated with long-term treatment with conventional antifungal drugs has necessitated search for new drugs to treat fungal infections. Natural products found in plants have been scientifically proved to avoid these side effects. The aim of this study was to formulate herbal antifungal cream containing extract of Acalypha wilkesiana as an anti-dermatophytic preparation and evaluate its physicochemical properties, stability and efficacy of the product. The formulated creams containing 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w of extract were subjected to stability tests using temperature variation method at -10, 4, 30, 37 and 45oC. Freeze-thaw test, Centrifuge test, pH and exposure to UV light test were also carried out using standard method. Efficacies of the cream formulations were determined using albino rats

The percentage yield of the extract was (10.2%). Percentage ethanol phytochemical composition indicated that for Alkaloid it is 4.58 ± 0.01%, saponins (3.10 ± 0.23%), flavonoids (1.61 ± 0.04%) and tannins (0.81 ± 0.02%).The antifungal results are in the increasing order Microsporum audounii = Epidermophyton floccosum < M.furfur < Trichophyton mentagrophtes. Temperature stability tests carried out indicated that the cream was very stable. Centrifuge testing indicated that there was no separation of the cream. Light testing indicated no change in the colour and odour of the products. There was no change observed in all the test samples during the freeze-thaw testing. Animal studies evaluation of the ethanolic formulations of the cream indicated that their efficacy against the dermatophytes is concentration dependent and the efficacy is in the increasing order M.audounii < E.floccosum < M.furfur < T.mentagrophyte which shows that 2% Acalypha wilkesiana cream was statistically significant (P<0.05) against all the test microorganisms.

Tuberculosis (TB) is remains as major public health concern. According to WHO reports in 2018, it estimated 10.7 million TB cases throughout the worldwide. Also there are 1.6 million died from TB and 558,000 rifampin-resistant TB (RR-TB) in 2017.

Introduction: Hydatid cyst is a condition commonly affecting liver and lungs caused most commonly by Echinococcus granulosus where as musculoskeletal or subcutaneous hydatidosis is very rare. and Usually are secondary and resulting from the spread of cysts from other organs, either spontaneously rupture or after spreading from operations for hydatidosis in other regions.

Case Presentation: We present an unusual case of a primary hydatid cyst found in the subcutaneous scalp tissue under occipital region in a 36 year man. Clinical presentation of patient was a huge cystic mass. Ultrasound findings revealed a cyst lesion in the posterior aspect of neck under the occipital region. MRI show a cystic lesion. We removed the entire part of cyst lesion surgically. Macroscopic and microscopic histopathological examinations confirmed the diagnosis of subcutaneous hydatid cyst.

Conclusion: In regions where hydatid disease is endemic, a cystic lesion in any part of the body should be considered a hydatid cyst. The best treatment is surgery and total evacuation of the cyst elements without any spillage of cyst contained and postoperative albendasol therapy.

There is numerous evidence for the efficacy of curcumin on the treatment of infectious disease particularly tuberculosis infection. According to review of the literature, curcumin could be considered as a therapeutic option against tuberculosis; but given that immune modulatory of curcumin in immune-response and limitation of data about the main mechanism of curcumin during tuberculosis infection; we discuss the probability of curcumin as a novel treatment option for tuberculosis disease using current evidence.

Introduction: Primary and isolated hydatid cysts of the spleen are very rare seen even in endemic country. We report here our experience with primary and isolated splenic hydatid cysts.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the record of eight cases of primary and isolated spleen hydatid cyst that treated in Arya and Razi Hospital, Iran, Rasht.

Results: Among eight patients, who underwent treatment for primary and isolated splenic hydatid cyst disease, five patients were male and three patients were female. The mean average cyst diameter was 8 cm (4-15cm). Four of patients underwent splenectomy as the surgical procedure and three of patients underwent cystotomy, partial cystectomy, and omentoplasty processes as a spleen preservative surgery. One case underwent medical treatment with albendazole because the size of cyst was 4 cm. Three patients out of eight could not undergo splenectomy because in two of them the cyst was localized in the lower pole of the spleen and in another patient it was localized in upper pole of the spleen.

Conclusion: Primary and isolated splenic hydatid cyst is very rare. A hydatid cyst must be included in the differential diagnosis of other cystic lesions of the spleen. The best toll for diagnosis is the abdominal tomography and U&S. A splenic hydatid cyst should be treated surgically due to the high risk of a rupture, and the ideal procedure in adulthood is standard splenectomy. The outcome of treatment is good without recurrences.