Microstomia refers to limitation in mouth opening. It is usually seen as an acquired situation but it can also be seen congenitally. As a result, it leads to aesthetic and functional deformities. Narrowing of mouth opening causes restriction in intake of nutrients, implantation of prostheses, ensuring dental hygiene and dental treatment, making intubation difficult or even impossible. In this article, we present the result obtained by the “fishtail flap” method with commissuroplasty in a case referred to the microstomia seen after a surgical procedure.

Shoulder pain is one of the most common orthopaedic complaints in clinical practise. Its high prevalence makes it difficult to distinguish between potentially harmful disorders and other more benign pathologies, so clinicians must pay attention to the well-known red flags. The authors present an atypical case of shoulder pain in which the adequate knowledge of red flags allowed the diagnosis of a systemic disease. Thirty-one-year-old female suffering with severe shoulder pain on physical examination and an axillary mass. Imaging studies suggested it to be a metastatic lesion. Further exams and biopsies were obtained, revealing a poorly-differentiated malignancy, positive for vimentin and cytokeratin, confirmed to be a breast malignancy. This clinical report alerts orthopaedists to the need of valuing red flags in order to adequately advise their patients.

Abnormalities of the thoracic ribs are rare (thought to be less than 0.5% of the population). We present a case of a middle-aged man who, presenting with chest discomfort and mild shortness of breath was found to have an abnormal thoracic cage on imaging. His chest radiograph showed bony outgrowths from the manubrium sterni, giving the appearance of what we have termed ‘sternal horns’. The abnormality was further evaluated with computed tomography 3-D volume rendered imaging.

Lemierre’s disease, also known as Post-Angina-Sepsis, describes an acute oropharyngeal infection caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum that is complicated by thrombophlebitis of the V. jugularis interna and septic pulmonary emboli. Sepsis and pulmonary embolism may result in life-threatening hemodynamic instability affording interdisciplinary intensive care. Here we report about the life-threatening course of M. lemierre in a young female patient with successful surgical and anti-infective treatment supported by veno-arterial ECMO therapy.

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a congenital, non-progressive disorder characterized by hypodontia, hypohidrosis and hypotrichosis. It is inherited in an autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked patterns. The diagnosis is established by genetic tests or after infancy, based on physical features. In some patients, the pattern of inheritance is determined by family history and in others by molecular genetic testing. Characteristic changes in teeth in these patients are: both deciduous and permanent teeth are affected, the alveolar ridges are hypoplastic, missing teeth or retarded growth of teeth, peg-shaped, tooth enamel is also defective. Dental treatment is necessary and children as young as 2 years may need dentures. Through this manuscript, we report a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia.