Seclusion of a patient who has been admitted to an institution for psychiatric care is one of the possible interventions from a range of treatment and care strategies. Seclusion is used in different kinds of institutions, for example, in psychiatric hospitals, institutions for mentally handicapped persons, and judicial institutions. Seclusion is a controversial issue in the care of psychiatric inpatients, having provoked moral debate for several decades. Seclusion is associated with neglect and abuse; thus, the issue provokes emotional reactions on both sides of the debate. According to Mattson and Sacks.

War has being defined as an armed conflict between the states or countries to attain their purpose or defend their rights resulting in autonomous destruction of a state’s economy and subjecting people to physical and mental disturbance. There have been long debates on the post-war effects on the mental health of the people disturbing them socially, economically and cognitively.

Childbirth marks a critical time period in a woman’s life and is accompanied by a myriad of mental, physical, and social adjustments. Postpartum Depression (PPD) screening is by far the most established method of evaluating maternal wellness and the most current recommendation from the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) states that depression screening may be beneficial, despite its detractors and evidence that it does not ultimately affect outcomes or facilitate treatment engagement.

Background: Despite a long history of debate regarding subtypes of depression, there have been no attempts to examine subtypes of Postnatal Depression (PND) on the basis of symptom profiles.

Method: 413 mothers admitted to a residential program for unsettled infant behaviour completed a structured clinical interview for current and lifetime depressive and anxiety disorder diagnosis, self-report symptom measures and a range of self-report questionnaires relating to known depression risk/vulnerability factors. From this larger sample, a ‘depressed’ subsample (n = 159) was selected on the basis of interview and symptom-based questionnaire data.

Results: Five symptom-based factors were identified (‘cognitive features of depression’, ‘physiological features of anxiety’, ‘emotional / affective features of depression’, ‘cognitive features of anxiety’ and ‘fatigue’). Three clusters differing in terms of depressive symptom severity were identified, with the severest cluster also being characterized by elevated levels of anxiety. There were no differences between the clusters with respect to the type of symptoms reported or vulnerability / risk factors.

Conclusion: This study found no evidence of qualitatively distinct symptom-based subtypes of PND, therefore adding to the growing body of evidence suggesting that depression is a uni-dimensional construct.

Depression is a disorder characterized by the predominance of anhedonia and empty. On account of being a disorder with high prevalence and being a major cause of disability, this study was proposed that aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmaceutical care through the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up and its correlation with quality of life. The patients were followed for eight months through telephone contacts and presidential meetings. The pharmacist evaluated depressive symptoms, adherence, quality of life and the need for pharmaceutical intervention. The instruments used were: Dader method, PHQ - 9, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Morisky Test et al. and Quality of life - SF-36. The data were analyzed in Bioestat 5.0 software using the Wilcoxon test, comparing the depressive symptoms, anxiety and quality of life before and after the Pharmacotherapeutic follow-up; and Pearson Correlation to determine if there is a correlation between depressive symptoms and quality of life. It obtained a statistically significant reduction in depressive symptoms (p-value: <0.0001) and anxious (p-value: <0.0001). There was a statistically significant improvement (p <0.05) in quality of life, demonstrated in all dimensions of SF-36. By performing the correlation between depressive symptoms and quality of life, it was observed that as depressive symptoms decrease the quality of life improves [r Pearson) = 0.6911, p = 0.0007]. They were carried out several pharmaceutical interventions to increase adherence, reduce treatment, abandonment and provide health education to patients. These interventions were carried out in the form of oral communication between pharmacist-patient and pharmacist-patient-doctor. The Pharmaceutical Care was effective in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients with depression.