Introduction: In december 2019, the first case of Corona vírus infections causing na acute respiratory failure syndrome was reported in China. After 2 months, the world health Organization statement a COVID-19 Pandemic period., Childhood cancer stands out as the most importante cause of death, with aprproximately 8460/1 million new cases. COVID 19 was a challenging condition for Society and health systems in South america. New priority ordres of attendence and surgical routine were stablished to ensure health care by National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). The high transmissibility and unknown pathophysiology, without specific therapy or vaccine, including Pediatric profile, characterizing and urgency of global confrontation.

Objective: Demonstrate our COVID-19 strategies and how they influenced the surgical treatment of Pediatric câncer patients.

Methods: This are a retrospective cohort study from march 2020 to February 2022 in oncohematology patients, aged between 0 and 16 years old, submitted to surgical procedures. They were stratified by age, sex, pathology, symptoms, COVID-19 laboratorial tests, type of surgical procedure and retard. Statistical analysis was performed (P-value).

Results: 390 patients were aged up, the incidence of death considered 10.5%, 7.0% of tested were positive for covid 19 and 2.1% of cases were treated at home. The delay surgical procedure occurred in 2.8% of cases. There was and 18% reduction in the total number of global surgical procedures.

Conclusions: Coronavirus infection still a challenge, more studies experience are necessary to get new perspectives in treatment and follow up of Pediatric Oncology group.

Introduction: Peer pressure, confusion, youthful exuberance, and experimentation—especially in romantic partnerships—are all hallmarks of the adolescent years. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the risks of sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancies, and other negative outcomes that can be avoided if we focus on improving their reproductive health. The purpose of this research was to identify and eliminate the causes of teen pregnancy among Sierra Leonean students.

Materials and Methods: This research employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Researchers looked at the data from 4,000 12-19-year-olds who were selected at random. The information was gathered through the use of a self-administered, structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, and mean.

Results: Girls are more likely than boys to list alcohol use, drug abuse, and clubbing as causes of teen pregnancies, but girls are more likely to list all of the other causes than boys are. When asked to rank the factors that contribute to adolescent pregnancies, girls ranked access to abortion services as the most important (73 per cent; R.R. = 2.6), followed by constitutional rights (70 per cent; R.R. = 2.3) and parental and institutional failure to educate their children about sexuality (67 per cent; R.R. = 2.0). Teenage pregnancy has far more negative effects on girls than boys, possibly because girls are more directly affected when they are neither financially nor emotionally prepared to give birth.

Conclusion: Thus, more sex education must be provided to school-aged adolescents to highlight the consequences of adolescent pregnancy.

Background: As we were alerted by students suffering a chronicle form of COVID19 infection we decided to make an inquiry on the long COVID among students known as being positive to COVID PCR.

Material and Methods: 1349 students known having been positive between August 2020 and July 2021 were asked, through their university emails, to fulfil an internet questionnaire from July 201 to October 2021. They were asked about their initial symptoms, the duration of symptoms, the impact of the disease on daily living activities and Health Related Quality of Life thanks to the SF36.

Results: Only 36.3% provided complete answers to the questionnaire. The prevalence of long COVID was 25.9% (at least 9.4%, considering the maximum bias of non-respondents), and 17.5% were still suffering at the moment of the survey. Women and chronically ill students had more frequently long COVID. We also were able to check the impact of long COVID on daily living activities as well as the important impact on quality of life, mainly on dimensions such as limitations due physical and mental health, and social well-being.

Conclusion: Although students have rarely severe forms of COVID, this disease has impact on their health which is not minor

Introduction: Viral hepatitis C plays a negative role in Brazilian health systems. This study highlights this role along with strategies needed to work toward elimination of the virus through a reimplementation of a cost-effective national strategy.

Methods: A mathematical modeling approach was used [1] to understand the disease burden of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) after the removal of the national strategy and [2] to demonstrate the economic burden with reinstatement. Two scenarios were addressed within the model: reusing the national strategy (working toward World Health Organization 2030 elimination goals) and the baseline case in 2021, which mirrors the current HCV situation.

Results: With removing the plan, an additional 207,000 patients will be infected along with 12,600 more liver-related deaths by 2030. These results demonstrate the need for strategies to be reinstated to improve diagnosis and screening. Scaling up interventions will increase direct costs, but these expenses will decrease annually as elimination targets are met. This reduction is a result of preventing HCV liver morbidity, mortality and indirect costs showing policy intervention is cost-effective over time.

Conclusion: For Brazil to achieve HCV elimination by 2030, a national strategy needs to be put back into place. As it currently stands, the previous Hepatitis C Elimination Plan does not meet WHO elimination targets. Therefore, additional scaling up of treatment, diagnosis, and screening is needed meet the WHO goals. Our data show that attaining WHO-decreed HCV elimination by 2030 will not be achieved without reinstating a reimagined intervention.

The coronavirus 3C-Like (3CL) protease, aka Main protease (Mpro), has become a clinically validated therapeutic target for developing new COVID-19 therapeutics with the recent success of Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) in treating high-risk COVID-19 patients in clinic. However, there is still a huge unmet medical need for effective drugs for treating COVID-19 patients with standard-risk as well as those who experience rebounds after Paxlovid treatment. Here we report the discovery of a novel 3CL protease inhibitor, GST-HG171 that is more potent and effective than nirmatrelvir in pre-clinical studies both in vitro and in vivo. GST-HG171 has broad-spectrum activity against different variants of SARS-CoV-2, including Beta, Delta, Omicron B.1.1.529, Omicron BA.4, BA.5 variants with 5-10 fold higher potency than nirmatrelvir when tested head-to-head in cytopathic effect assay. In vivo, GST-HG171 demonstrated higher efficacy than nirmatrelvir in reducing the viral load of lung tissue in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus. Furthermore, GST-HG171 has demonstrated a more preferable lung tissue distribution in rats than nirmatrelvir, with a 4-5 fold higher lung/plasma exposure ratio. Finally GST-HG171 has an excellent safety profile in both pre-clinical studies and Ph1 clinical study in healthy human volunteers. In a Single Ascending Dose (SAD) Ph1 clinical trial, GST-HG171 demonstrated a dose-proportional increase in Cmax and exposure up to 600 mg. At 600 mg, GST-HG171 has an exposure of 23166 h*ng/mL, which is 4.2-fold higher than that reported for nirmatrelvir at a similar dose (5465 h*ng/mL at 500 mg). In sum, GST-HG171 is a novel, safe and more potent 3CL protease inhibitor than nirmatrelvir, and has the potential to become a superior broad-spectrum and effective COVID-19 therapeutic. Currently, GST-HG171 is under investigation in a large Ph3 trial in mild and moderate COVID-19 patients in China.

To combat the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, effective, safe, and brad-spectrum oral therapeutics are still in high demand [1]. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, that Interferon tau (IFN-τ) is highly potent in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero and Calu-3 cells, and it also improved outcomes in BALB/c mice infected with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2. In a Cytopathic Effect (CPE) assay in vitro, IFN-τ potently inhibited the SARS-CoV-2 activity with an IC50 of 2.1 nM, which is ~1,000x more potent than the reference agents evaluated in the same assay, including Remdesivir2, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, Aloxistatin, and Interferon Lambda (λ). In vivo, IFN-τ demonstrated oral efficacy in alleviating symptoms of mice infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus and decreased viral loads. Further, IFN-τ has a superior safety profile over other Type I interferons as demonstrated by pre-clinical animal studies as well as clinical studies reported in literature. In sum, we report here that IFN-τ is a potent oral agent against SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro and in vivo, and may be further developed as an alternative treatment option in the battle against COVID-19 pandemic.