SM Journal of Neurology and Neuroscience

Archive Articles

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Periictal MRI Findings of Hypervascularity with Restricted Diffusion Contralateral to Gaze Deviation

We present a case report of a child who had a seizure that began during a Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) scan of her brain. The MRI showed restricted diffusion on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and increased perfusion on Maximum Imaging Projection (MIP) sequence correlating with the area of ictal discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG). Neuroimaging has become crucial in the diagnosis and understanding of seizures, however correlating it with an acute seizure is seldom able to be obtained. In particular, MRI sequences such as Diffusion Weighted Image (DWI), ADC, fluid attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) and MIP images have proven useful in determining the extent and severity of cortical injury in various disease processes.

Rita S Marshall¹*, Sharon Kim and Mary Zupanc


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Electromyography

Electromyography (EMG) is the electrophysiological study of the neuromuscular system. It is a complementary test, and prolongation of the clinical neurological study. Given the broad neuromuscular system and brain, in Spain there is a specific and specific pathway via MIR of Neuromuscular which is called Clinical Neurophysiology which includes EEG, EMG, Multimodal Potentials (PEAT, PEV, PESS) and Intraoperative Monitoring. In addition to sleep pathology, and polysomnography and is taught by physicians via MIR with 4 years of training within this specialty.

Ángel Molina León*


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A Technical Update in Mechanical Thrombectomy: Aspiration, Stent Retriever or Both?

Recent large trials in endovascular thrombectomy have demonstrated significant benefit compared to thrombolysis alone in acute ischaemic stroke. Data comparing technical success and clinical success for various techniques is limited. Though Stent retriever devices have been most commonly deployed in recent landmark thrombectomy trials, large bore intermediate catheters are increasingly used for direct aspiration of thrombi. We review the literature regarding the main interventional techniques described. Recanalization rates did not differ significantly in the first randomized study comparing aspiration with stent retriever thrombectomy. Reported clinical outcomes appear similar for currently applied techniques though comparative studies with long term morbidity and mortality data are necessary. Further research is required to ascertain complications rates and determine the most appropriate first line patient specific technique.

Dylan Roi¹*, Charlie Hall and Kyriakos Lobotesis


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First Person Accounts of Cerebral Palsy; Adding Phenomenological to Medical and Social Models of Chronic Conditions

This paper considers the experiences of two of its authors who each live with a form congenital cerebral palsy and are also philosophers. They describe how their conditions require a first person narrative for full understanding and that the techniques they have developed to ameliorate their impairments are also personal and so not conventional medical interventions. We suggest that, while medical models of impairment and social models of disability are useful, a third phenomenological - model is also required, which allows an understanding of each person’s subjective experience as well as their needs in relation to their condition. This may be particularly important for people with chronic conditions.

Jonathan Cole¹*, Minae Inahara² and Michael Peckitt³