Developments in empiric antibiotic therapy in recent decade shave led to a decrease in idiopathic primary peritonitis in neonates. Furthermore, intraperitoneal abscesses are extremely rare in neonates. We report a case of an intraperitoneal abscess without an apparent cause, such as necrotizing enterocolitis or surgery, in a preterm infant. The main contribution of our report is a reminder that intra-abdominal abscesses, although rare, can and do occur in neonates, and that diagnosing them can be difficult.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are being increasingly used in those with functionally univentricular hearts with minimal evidence of their efficacy in this population. Additional medications, such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors can be a practical inconvenience to patients, increase the cost of care, and may even be detrimental to these patients in some respects. This short communication reviews the current evidence for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in patients with functionally univentricular hearts.

Paediatricians with child protection responsibilities evaluate allegations of physical harm and sexual abuse which are subject to both child protection and criminal investigations. This evaluation requires the production of an interim medico-legal report which contributes to interim decisions regarding the safety of the child whilst investigations are still in progress. A second report may be needed at a later time once investigations are considered complete. The interim medico-legal report contributes an expert opinion about injury causation including direct harm or harm through neglect or substandard care which has relevance to mitigating future risk of harm and understanding the support needs of a family. This paper defines key principles in relation to the structure and content of an interim medico-legal report, which must conform to forensic standards of practice. A classification of injury causation for interim medico-legal reports is proposed which can be useful to systematically define outcomes for data collection, audit and research purposes.

Vitamin B 12 has important consequences for hematopoiesis and the central nervous system, its deficiency leads to clinical hematological, neurological and psychiatric manifestations. We report the case of a ten months old male infant, exclusively breastfed, with a significant delay in the developmental and communicative reactions. Physical examination confirmed the pallor, the axial hypotonia and revealed that the child was below the 2nd percentile for weight and the 3rd percentile for length. He had a hemoglobin level of 6.4g/dL with an MCV of 100.2fL, His serum vitamin B12 level was less than 50pg/mL and serum folate level 20.4ng/mL. No intrinsic factor antibodies were found. Hormonal and nutritional screening revealed no other deficiency. Thalassemia screening resulted negative. Maternal investigations showed anemia and maternal vitamin B12 deficiency. The research for anti-parietal antibodies of the stomach returns very positive. Vitamin B12 supplementation permitted with weight gain and rapid improvement of interactions and muscle tone.

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) is an uncommon toxin-mediated disease which causes blistering and desquamation of the skin and induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). SSSS in neonates is a rare condition and most commonly seen in children aged 6 months to 5 years, with the highest probability of disease being between 2-3 years. This report presents a 35-day-old infant who developed exfoliation and peeling of the skin after purulent conjunctivitis.