Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcomas (EMC) are rare low-grade malignant mesenchymal neoplasms of uncertain differentiation characterized by abundant myxoid matrix. EMCs account for almost 3% of all soft tissue sarcomas. This tumor primarily arises from the deep soft tissues of the proximal extremities, trunk, and limb girdles, and is accompanied by a high rate of local recurrence and metastasis. It most commonly occurs in those between the ages of 50-60 years, presenting twice as frequently in males than in females. Current treatment of EMC consists of early wide local resection, or radical surgery with or without radiotherapy or chemotherapy, dependent on the entity’s state of metastasis. It is frequent that this type of tumor recurs in the form of a high grade tumor. As a malignant myxoid neoplasm, there is considerable diagnostic challenge to achieve a correct diagnosis of this tumor. We report a case of this uncommon tumor and we review the literature

Extraskeletal small cell osteosarcoma (ESCOS) is a rare tumor which may present a challenging primary diagnosis on cytologic assessment. The cytomorphology of this tumor is similar to other small round blue cell tumors (SRBT), and in potential absence of osteoid material in cytology specimens, diagnostic error may not be avoided. The diagnostic challenge is even greater with extraskeletal location. The most important reason to be able to differentiate ESCOS from other SRBT is the effect of this diagnosis on guiding appropriate therapy. We present a case of a 62 year old male with the diagnosis of ESCOS based solely on cytologic specimen evaluation.