Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of resveratrol gel in treatment of periodontitis in smokers patients.

Material and Methods: Fifteen smoker patients with ages range of 31–50 years, suffering from stage III periodontitis were included in the study. Using a split mouth design, sites were randomly allocated into two groups; Control group (Group I) received only subgingival scaling and root planning (SRP) + placebo gel. Test sites (Group II) received locally delivered resveratrol gel in all sites with probing depth ≥ 5 mm after SRP. Gels application were repeated at 7, 14 and 21 days. Clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid samples for evaluation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months evaluation periods.

Results: results showed a statistically significant decrease in PI and BI from baseline to 6 months in both groups compared to their baseline value P<0.05. Control group showed statistical significant decrease in PPD and CAL up to 3 months only followed by increase in their mean scores reaching the baseline value while test group showed significant decrease up to 3 months followed by slight increase at 6 months but still statistically significant reduction compared to the baseline values P<0.05. SOD levels were significantly improved in test sites when compared with control sites.

Conclusion study demonstrated the potential benefits of resveratrol, as an adjunctive treatment to SRP.