Presentation of renal cell carcinoma is quite variable. Only in 10% cases, it present with classic features of flank mass, hematuria and pain. Uncommon presentation may mislead the diagnosis and management. We are reporting a patient who initially present with diarrhoea as presenting symptoms of renal cell carcinoma.

The guest editors of this special issue and research scientist all across the globe, working on urology problems and prostate cancer have been asked by the editorial board of the SM journal of urology to collect and publish articles on prostate cancer so as to document the latest developments in this field. The intricacies and challenges of tackling this disease continue to puzzle and fascinate us. This particular issue on prostate cancer includes original research works, reviews, commentaries as well as debate and opinion pieces.

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide health problems. Several studies have proposed an epidemiological association between DM and bladder cancer. CIS is a high-grade carcinoma with the potential for invasion and metastases. We aimed to reveal association between DM, CIS and tumour characteristics of patients with bladder cancer.

Material and Method: We retrospectively analyzed 615 patients between January 2007 and December 2014 who diagnosed bladder cancer and performed TUR-BT or radical cystectomy. All patients with bladder cancer separated two groups as Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) and Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC). Each groups separated two groups inside them as diabetic or non diabetic.

Results: We analyzed 615 patients with bladder cancer. There was statistically significance for relapse frequency was higher in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients. T, N and M stages were more advance in diabetic patients. Although concurrent CIS is higher in diabetic patients, squamous metaplasias between diabetic and non-diabetic patients were not significant.

Discussion: Diabetes is the critical worldwide health problem that has serious complications that can cause much kind of cancers. We revealed that there is negative effect of diabetes on patients with bladder cancer especially patients with CIS.

Conclusion: Patients with diabetes had advanced stage, grade and concurrent CIS than patients without diabetes. And also, diabetic patients have more recurrent disease than non-diabetic patients.

The occurrence of an acute lower limbs ischemia after pelvic surgery is very rare. We report a third case in the literature of acute aortic thrombosis in the immediate postoperative radical cystectomy. This complication can be fatal due to ischemia-reperfusion or extension of the thrombus. Understanding the risk factors will prompt high-risk patients to have a vascular surgery consultation, and take precautions including intra-operative hemodynamic stability and adequate position.