Keywords
Heterotopic Ossification (HO); Spinal cord injury; ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS)
Abstract
Objective: This is a retrospective study. Our aim was to analyze the characteristics of SCI patients with HO and the risk factors associated with HO formation.
Materials-Methods: Hospital records of the inpatient SCI patients, treated between 2011-2012 at our hospital, were analyzed and the ones with HO development were identified. The demographic and clinical characteristics (neurological level and severity of injury according to ASIA/ISCoS Standards and ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) of the patients, HO localization, presence of spasticity were evaluated, descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results.
Results: Three hundred fifty five SCI patients’ data were investigated and forty (11%) of them (77.5%, male and 22.5% female) were found to have HO. The mean age was 40.85±17.40 years; the median duration of the injury was 24 months. 42.5 % of the patients were tetraplegic, 57.5 % were paraplegic. Half of the patients had complete (AIS A n: 20) injury. Thirty two patients were traumatic and 8 were non-traumatic in etiology. The knee and hip joints were the most frequently affected joints (47.5% and 42.5% respectively). Spasticity was found in 34 patients (85%).
Conclusion: The incidence and localization of HO in this group were in correlation with the published reports. The knee and hip location of HO and traumatic etiology were found most frequently. However unlike previous reports HO was more frequent in paraplegic patients. The identification of characteristics of the SCI patients and risk factors associated with HO can help to reduce the incidence.
Citation
Erhan B, Gunduz B, Vural M, Yalcinkaya EY, Kahraman F and Satir O. The Incidence and Characteristics of Heterotopic Ossification in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury. SM J Neurol Disord Stroke. 2016; 2(2): 1013.