Amelogenesis imperfecta comprises a group of hereditary enamel defects, characterized by enamel hypoplasia, hypomaturation, or hypocalcification of the teeth. We describe the treatment of an 8 year old boy diagnosed with autosomal dominant smooth hypoplastic AI. The patient had hypodontia and teeth with abnormal morphology; missing enamel, and a functional anterior crossbite. A treatment plan was implemented that improved function by restoring posterior teeth, improved esthetics by enhancing teeth appearance, eliminated functional deviation of the jaw, preserved the existing teeth, and promoted low cardiogenic nutrition and good oral hygiene. Treatment of young patients with AI should be oriented toward functional and esthetic rehabilitation.

Background: This paper aims to describe a case report about dentigerous cysts related to trauma in the primary teeth.

Case report: An eight-year-old boy attended the Pediatric Dental Trauma Clinic. He had a delay in the eruption of the tooth 11 and when he was four years old suffered a trauma in the tooth 51. The radiograph showed a dentigerous cyst involving the tooth 11. The lesion was treated through enucleation and the permanent tooth erupted.

Conclusions: A correlation was observed between the dentigerous cyst, trauma in the deciduous incisor and the successor teeth. Early diagnoses as well as clinical and radiographic follow-ups of traumatized primary teeth are important to minimize possible sequelae in the successor teeth.

Background: Oral health disorders such as loss of teeth, periodontitis and root caries are associated with cognitive impairment in a group of elders.

Objective: This study was designed to assess the association between oral health status and cognitive function among a community-dwelling geriatric population in Chennai.

Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 150 elderly from two geriatric institutions and two day care centers, who were interviewed and examined for oral health status and screened for cognitive function using Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA).

Results: Among 150 participants 53 (35.3%) had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with a mean cognitive score of 22.17 (SD = 1.7), 73 (48.7%) had severe cognitive impairment (Dementia) with a mean cognitive score of 10.81 (SD = 5.4) and about 24 (16%) had normal cognition with a mean score of 27.08 (SD = 1.4). It was found that of the indices assessed, Russell’s periodontal index had a negative association with cognitive function (R = - 0.212).In the linear regression model, adjusted for age and education, Russell’s periodontal index was a predictive factor for cognitive function among older adults.

Conclusion: Periodontitis may serve as an early risk predictor for cognitive impairment among geriatrics.

Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a non-neoplastic enlargement of the gingiva that usually arising from the interdental papilla. A 36-year-old female admitted to our clinic for routine care and management of recurring gingival growth. Examination revealed an approximately 1.5 x 1 cm pedunculated, not-tender, firm, pinkish red growth present on the interdental papilla of the maxillary incisors. Excisional biopsy was performed to obtain histopathologic evidence. A confirmatory diagnosis of peripheral ossifying fibroma is made by histopathologic evaluation of biopsy specimen. Although Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a bening and reactive lesion, the recurrence rate is quite high. Therefore, regular follow-up are necessary.

Every medical, dental and surgical procedure is solely based on the diagnosis of the underlying pathology or disorder. In recent times there has been a tremendous advancement in scientific technology which has helped dental practitioners all over the world. The use of computers in cephalometry has made it easier to view and measure various readings. Computer aided design and computer aided manufacturing have increased the accuracy and quality of all dental materials. In the field of Orthodontics, there have been many advances. This article summarizes the recent advancements in diagnostic aids in Orthodontics which has helped revolutionize treatment planning for the Orthodontic fraternity.