Arterio-venous malformations of the jaws are a very rare pathology, but can lead to fatal complications. Presented is the case of a young female patient who was referred to our hospital based on the clinical and radiological diagnosis of an odontogenic cyst related to the first molar in the right mandible. Due to a suspicious mobility of the tooth and root resorption a biopsy and tooth extraction was planned under general anaesthesia. Already during mobilisation of the tooth an enormous threatening bleeding occurred which forced in addition to surgical revision, immediate embolisation and intensive care treatment? The patient recovered well from the treatment without any long-term complications or damages. The later histo-pathological findings supported the intraoperative diagnosis of an intra-osseous haemangioma.

Septic arthritis of the ankle is a rare disease in pediatric population. We present a case of septic arthritis of the ankle starting with limping as initial symptom, with no specific presentation and no trauma history, focal tenderness over ankle joint is the most helpful clinical sign. A small joint effusion may be present. Treatment of septic arthritis is always an emergency and the delay in diagnosis may lead to progression of disease and complications. Arthroscopic procedure may give secure joint toilette, allowing less invasive spectrum.

Cartilage is a special avascular tissue with sparse chondrocytes imbedding in the dense Extracellular Matrix (ECM). Cartilage injuries can be caused by trauma, osteoarthritis, obesity, meniscus injury, joint line change and chronic joint instability.

Background: Despite a significant number of publications exploring hip shortening during Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) and its effect on dislocation, the long term outcomes have been poorly characterized. Our purpose is to discuss the factors affecting hip stability and the outcomes of primary THA in a group of patients whose limbs were shortened.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all primary THAs from our institution’s joint database between 1998 and 2004. Patients with a minimum of 48 months follow up were included in our analyses. Patient demographics, radiographic measurements, and Harris hip scores were compared with outcomes. We developed a method using landmarks on pre and postoperative radiographs to measure overall shortening and shortening through the femoral component specifically.

Results: Mean follow up time was 84 months. 16 hips (16.8%) had dislocations. Student t-test comparing dislocated to non-dislocated hips showed overall shortening and shortening through the femoral component were both significantly associated with dislocation (p=0.0093, p=0.0066 respectively). Bivariate analysis showed that risk of dislocation increases with extent of shortening through the femoral component (p=0.012).

Conclusion: Hips that were shortened at their femoral components were more likely to dislocate. Furthermore, the degree of shortening corresponded with the degree of dislocation risk. Hip shortening is an important risk factor for postoperative dislocation, a major complication following THA.

We present a case of an unstable proximal interphalangeal fracture of the fifth finger. We want to review the treatment of this entity, by using a dynamic external distractor designed from the Suzuki frame; we recommend this technique to young orthopaedic surgeons.